Dekalog (also known as The Decalogue) is a series of ten films by the acclaimed Polish director Krzysztof Kieślowski, each inspired by one of the Ten Commandments from the Bible. The series was originally broadcast on Polish television in 1989 and later released in cinemas. Each film is a standalone narrative, though they are thematically interconnected, exploring moral, ethical, and existential dilemmas faced by ordinary people in contemporary society.
Overview of Each Film:
Dekalog I (The First Commandment): This film delves into the implications of believing in a higher power. It follows a young man, who is trying to reconcile his atheism with his father's religious convictions. The plot centers on a tragic accident that tests the limits of faith and reason. The narrative examines the consequences of disregarding the spiritual dimension of life.
Dekalog II (The Second Commandment): This installment focuses on the prohibition of creating graven images. It portrays a woman who, having recently lost her husband, seeks solace in a portrait of him. As she struggles to cope with her grief, she confronts questions about memory, identity, and the nature of human relationships.
Dekalog III (The Third Commandment): Here, the commandment about keeping the Sabbath day holy is explored through the story of a young couple facing the pressure of modern life. They grapple with the demands of work, personal desires, and the significance of religious observance in their daily routines.
Dekalog IV (The Fourth Commandment): This film addresses the importance of honoring one's parents. It centers on a young man who is trying to fulfill his father's dying wish. The narrative delves into the complexities of familial obligations, love, and the challenges of maintaining connections between generations.
Dekalog V (The Fifth Commandment): This entry tackles the issue of murder. The story follows a man who has just committed a crime and the subsequent repercussions on his life and the lives of those around him. The film explores themes of guilt, justice, and redemption, emphasizing the moral weight of taking another's life.
Dekalog VI (The Sixth Commandment): This film examines the prohibition of adultery through the lens of a troubled marriage. It focuses on a woman who begins an affair, leading to personal and moral dilemmas. The film provides a nuanced look at the consequences of infidelity and the quest for personal happiness versus moral integrity.
Dekalog VII (The Seventh Commandment): The theme of theft is explored in this narrative, where a young man is faced with a moral decision involving stolen property. The film addresses issues of integrity, the impact of theft on individuals and society, and the struggle to reconcile one's actions with moral principles.
Dekalog VIII (The Eighth Commandment): This installment deals with false testimony. It follows a character who finds themselves caught in a lie and the ensuing fallout. The film examines the consequences of dishonesty, the search for truth, and the ethical implications of one’s actions.
Dekalog IX (The Ninth Commandment): Here, the focus is on the prohibition against coveting one's neighbor's wife. The story centers on the emotional and psychological turmoil experienced by a man who desires another's partner. It explores themes of jealousy, desire, and the moral challenges of overcoming temptation.
Dekalog X (The Tenth Commandment): This final film addresses the prohibition against coveting one's neighbor's possessions. It follows a character who becomes obsessed with material wealth, leading to a series of moral and personal conflicts. The film critiques materialism and examines the impact of greed on one’s life and relationships.
Themes and Style:
Dekalog is renowned for its profound exploration of moral and philosophical questions. Kieślowski’s approach is deeply humanistic, emphasizing the complexities of individual choices and the often ambiguous nature of right and wrong. The series is characterized by its intimate storytelling, subtle symbolism, and meticulous attention to detail. The cinematography is often stark and contemplative, reflecting the characters’ internal struggles and the often harsh realities they face.
Significance:
Dekalog is considered a landmark in cinema, notable for its intellectual depth and emotional resonance. It challenges viewers to reflect on their own values and the ethical dimensions of their actions. The series remains influential in discussions of morality and ethics, and Kieślowski's masterful storytelling continues to inspire filmmakers and audiences alike.